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Beige Book
Beige Book | Interest Rates
This book is produced roughly two weeks before the monetary policy meetings of the Federal Open Market Committee.. The price here is the interest rate, (cost of money or cost of borrowing), and refers to the Federal Funds Rate. → Read More...
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INTEREST RATES
 
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1
8 Times
Thu 05
14:00
 
 
2
8 Times
Wed 21
14:00
 
 
3
8 Times
Wed 17
14:00
 
 
1
Daily
Daily
7:00
 
 
2
Daily
Daily
7:00
 
 
3
Daily
Daily
7:00
 
 
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FOMC EXPLANATION

The Federal Open Market Committee issues minutes of its meetings with a lag. The minutes of the previous meeting are reported three weeks after the meeting.

  1. Beige Book: Come first. Two weeks before the meeting
  2. FOMC Meeting: Some can last 2 days
  3. FOMC Minutes: After 3 weeks of the meeting
  4. FOMC Forecast: After 3 weeks of the meeting

Any change is reflected in 10-Year Bond.

         
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BEIGE BOOK
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
BEIGE BOOK 2026
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
BEIGE BOOK 2025
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
BEIGE BOOK 2024
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BEIGE BOOK 2023
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BEIGE BOOK 2022
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
BEIGE BOOK 2021
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Beige Book
No 8
N/A
Week 48
Dec-2026
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No 7
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Fed survey suggests slight upgrade to US economy. Economic activity increased in most parts of the U.S. and employment was mostly unchanged in recent weeks, the Federal Reserve said on Wednesday in a report that may do little to sway ​policymakers' interest rate views ahead of the central bank's meeting in two weeks. "Outlooks for future activity were mildly optimistic with most expecting slight to modest growth in coming ‌months," the Fed said in its latest "Beige Book" report, a compendium of survey results, interviews, and other qualitative data from its 12 regional banks.
No 1
Positive
Week 03
Jan-2026
Positive View
     
         
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Beige Book
No 8
N/A
Dec-2025
N/A
     
Beige Book
No 7
N/A
Oct-2025
N/A
     
U.S. economic activity and employment were mostly little changed or unchanged in recent weeks while prices rose moderately or modestly, the Federal Reserve said on Wednesday, a mixed report that highlighted the impact of tariffs and other Trump administration policies on households and businesses as the central bank weighs a cut in interest rates this month. Fed’s Beige Book Shows Little or No Growth Across Most of US.
No 6
Negative
Sep-2025
Negative View
     
Fed Beige Book Shows Slight Increase in US Economic Activity. Firms report modest to pronounced cost pressures largely tied to tariffs on raw materials in manufacturing and construction, report says. U.S. businesses told the Federal Reserve in June and early July that the loss of immigrant labor is adding to their struggles with the effects of fast-changing trade policies as the Trump administration's economic strategies began gaining traction. On Wednesday (16th), the Federal Reserve released the Beige Book, indicating that economic activity saw some improvement from late May through early July, but the overall outlook remains cautiously pessimistic.
No 5
Positive
Jul-2025
Positive View
     
Fed ‘Beige Book’ economic report cites declining growth, rising prices and slow hiring.The U.S. economy has contracted over the past six weeks as hiring has slowed and consumers and businesses worried about tariff-related price increases, the Fed reported. On inflation, the report described prices as rising “at a moderate pace” and “widespread reports of contacts expecting costs and prices to rise at a faster rate going forward.”
No 4
Negatived
May 2025
Negative View
     
A modest contraction in economic activity was noted, with businesses and consumers facing increased uncertainty. The April 17, 2025, Beige Book, published by the Federal Reserve, indicates that economic activity in the Second District contracted modestly, with heightened uncertainty impacting businesses and consumers, though employment remained steady to up slightly and wages grew moderately. This report, according to the Federal Reserve Board (.gov), provides an anecdotal review of current economic conditions across the twelve Federal Reserve Districts and is released eight times a year.
No 3
Neutral
Apr 2025
Neutral View
     
The Federal Reserve's so-called Beige Book, a compilation of anecdotes from across the central bank's 12 districts, on Wednesday showed that economic activity across the country rose "slightly," while inflation worries remained. US economic activity, employment edges up: Beige Book. Overall economic activity rose slightly since mid-January, according to the Federal Reserve Beige Book report released March 5. Employment nudged slightly higher on balance, with four districts reporting a slight increase, seven reporting no change and one reporting a slight decline. Multiple districts cited job growth in healthcare and finance, while employment declines were reported in manufacturing and information technology. Fed is 'in a difficult position'
No 2
Positive
Mar-2025
Positive View
     
Fed’s Beige Book Points to Slight to Moderate Growth at Year-End. Several firms noted concerns about tariff, immigration policy. Six districts saw slight hiring increase, others saw no change. Fed’s Beige Book Points to Slight to Moderate Growth to End Year. Economic activity increased slightly to moderately across the twelve Federal Reserve Districts in late November and December.Consumer spending moved up moderately, with strong holiday sales exceeding expectations. Manufacturing decreased slightly on the net; some manufacturers stockpiled inventories in anticipation of higher tariffs. Commercial real estate sales edged up. Economic activity increases slightly to moderately at year-end. The Federal Reserve reported that economic activity slightly increased in 9 districts. Employment levels increased in 6 districts, but there was no change in the remaining districts. Uncertainty about future employment plans has increased in some areas.
No 1
Negative
Jan-2025
Negative View
     
         
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Fed Beige Book Shows Businesses Confident in Demand Prospects. Economic growth expectations ‘rose moderately’ in most areas. Fed notes further increase in price sensitivity by consumers. Fed's Beige Book says economy is stable. Firms more optimistic about 2025, but tariffs a worry. Inflation still a nagging problem for businesses The U.S. expanded steadily in November, but hiring was subdued and inflation was still a nagging problem in some parts of the economy, a new Federal Reserve survey found. The Federal Reserve's so-called Beige Book reported moderate U.S. growth by and large, with businesses more hopeful that demand will pick up "in coming months." Businesses expressed some worry about new tariffs under the incoming Trump administration and they said consumers had become more resistant to price increase, forcing businesses to accept lower profits.
No 8
Positive
Dec-2024
Positive View
     
The last Beige Book pointed to decelerating economic growth with isolated strengths, a pattern likely to be repeated in October’s report. However, an upside surprise seems more likely given recent data has outperformed forecasts. The dollar index, which measures the U.S. currency against six others, was last up 0.11% at 104.18 after ticking up to 104.19, its highest since Aug. 2. The index is up more than 3% so far this month.Fed's 'Beige Book' shows inflation pressures moderating. U.S. economic activity was little changed from September through early October and firms saw a slight uptick in hiring, continuing recent trends that have reinforced expectations the Federal Reserve will opt for a smaller 25-basis-point reduction in borrowing costs in two weeks.
No 7
Negative
Oct-2024
Negative View
     
Beige Book: Economic activity flat to slightly down in most Districts. The Federal Reserve's latest Beige Book report paints a picture of an economy that's treading water, with slight growth in some areas offset by declines in others. Economic activity grew slightly in three Districts, while nine reported flat or declining activity. Employment levels held steady overall, though some firms are becoming more selective in hiring amid economic uncertainty. Wage growth was modest, while price increases ranged from slight to moderate.
No 6
Neutral
Sep-2024
Neutral View
     
Fed’s Beige Book sees slowing growth, consumers adjusting for inflation Economic growth slowed through much of the country while consumers adjusted their behavior to account for rising prices, the Federal Reserve reported Wednesday. In its “Beige Book” periodic update of conditions, the central bank labeled growth as rising at a “slight to modest pace,” though five of the 12 Fed districts saw “flat or declining activity.” While price increases also were seen as modest, the report noted that.
No 5
Negative
Jul-2024
Negative View
     
Fed’s Beige Book Points to Modest Growth in US Economy, Prices. Business contacts say consumers pushing back on higher prices. Eight of 12 districts reported negligible to modest job gains. The U.S. economy grew unevenly over the past six weeks while consumers recoiled against higher prices, the Federal Reserve reported Wednesday. As part of its periodic “Beige Book” economic look, the Fed noted that the economy “continued to expand” during the period, though “conditions varied” among the 12 central bank districts. On inflation, the report said prices rose at a “modest” pace while “consumers pushed back against additional price increases, which led to smaller profit margins as input prices rose on average.” Retailers reported offering incentives to shoppers as “price growth is expected to continue at a modest pace in the near term.”
No 4
Neutral
May 2024
Neutral View
     
Recent data showed the U.S. economy remains stronger than expected, leading investors to reduce their bets on future rate cuts. This was again evident in the Fed’s latest so-called “Beige Book” released on Wednesday. The report indicated U.S. economic activity expanded slightly from late February through early April and companies signaled they expect inflation pressures to hold steady.
No 3
Positive
Apr 2024
Positive View
     
Wall Street's three major indexes rose on Wednesday after Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell reinforced expectations that the U.S. central bank would reduce its benchmark interest rate this year. Powell said on Wednesday he still expected the Fed to cut rates and that the U.S. economy appeared nowhere near a recession although he shied away from committing to a timetable for rate cuts as progress on inflation was not assured.
No 2
Positive
Mar-2024
Positive View
     
U.S. economic activity saw little or no change from December through early January, while firms reported pricing pressures were mixed and nearly all cited signs of a cooling labor market, underscoring the tightrope the Federal Reserve continues to walk as it tries to reduce inflation while keeping growth and employment humming along. Almost as good as it gets wth economic growth gradually slowing, the unemployment rate remaining low, and key gauges of inflation hitting the Fed's 2% target rate for the past six months. majority of the 12 Federal Reserve Districts reported little or no change in economic activity," the Fed said in its survey released on Wednesday, known as the "Beige Book.
No 1
Neutral
Jan-2024
Neutral View
     
         
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Fed’s Beige Book sees slowing activity, easing price increases Economic activity has slowed broadly over the past six weeks, while labor demand also has backed off and price increases have eased, the Federal Reserve reported Wednesday in its periodic “Beige Book” summary. The report showed that consumers showed more “price sensitivity.” In the jobs market, firms reported an easier time finding labor and were more comfortable laying off underperformers. On inflation, the report said prices for construction materials declined, though utilities and insurance costs rose. In general, the report saw businesses saying they see “moderate” price increase continuing into 2024.
No 8
Negative
Nov-2023
Negative View
     
Most Districts indicated little to no change in economic activity since the September report. Consumer spending was mixed, especially among general retailers and auto dealers, due to differences in prices and product offerings. Labor market tightness continued to ease across the nation.Prices continued to increase at a modest pace overall.
No 7
Neutral
Oct-2023
Neutral View
     
Contacts from most Districts indicated economic growth was modest during July and August. Consumer spending on tourism was stronger than expected, surging during what most contacts considered the last stage of pent-up demand for leisure travel from the pandemic era. But other retail spending continued to slow, especially on non-essential items. Job growth was subdued across the nation. Though hiring slowed.
No 6
Negative
Sep-2023
Negative View
     
Overall economic activity increased slightly since late May. Five Districts reported slight or modest growth, five noted no change, and two reported slight and modest declines. Reports on consumer spending were mixed; growth was generally observed in consumer services, but some retailers noted shifts away from discretionary spending. Employment increased modestly this period, with most Districts experiencing some job growth. Prices increased at a modest pace overall.
No 5
Neutral
Jul-2023
Neutral View
     
Economic activity was little changed overall in April and early May. Four Districts reported small increases in activity, six no change, and two slight to moderate declines. Expectations for future growth deteriorated a little, though contacts still largely expected a further expansion in activity. Employment increased in most Districts, though at a slower pace than in previous reports. Overall, the labor market continued to be strong, with contacts reporting difficulty finding workers across a wide range of skill levels and industries.
No 4
Neutral
May 2023
Neutral View
     
Overall economic activity was little changed in recent weeks. Nine Districts reported either no change or only a slight change in activity this period while three indicated modest growth. Expectations for future growth were mostly unchanged as well. Employment growth moderated somewhat this period as several Districts reported a slower pace of growth than in recent Beige Book reports. Overall price levels rose moderately during this reporting period, though the rate of price increases appeared to be slowing.
No 3
Neutral
Apr 2023
Neutral View
     
Overall economic activity increased slightly in early 2023. Six Districts reported little or no change in economic activity since the last report, while six indicated economic activity expanded at a modest pace. Labor market conditions remained solid. Employment continued to increase at a modest to moderate pace in most Districts despite hiring freezes by some firms and scattered reports of layoffs. Inflationary pressures remained widespread, though price increases moderated in many Districts.
No 2
Positive
Mar-2023
Positive View
     

The Fed last year raised its policy rate by 425 basis points from near zero to a 4.25%-4.50% range, the highest since late 2007. In December, it projected at least an additional 75 basis points of hikes in borrowing costs by the end of 2023.The Fed's Beige Book report on Wednesday described consumer spending as increasing "slightly, with some retailers reporting more robust sales over the holidays." But it added "retailers noted that high inflation continued to reduce consumers' purchasing power, particularly among low- and moderate-income households."

No 1
Negative
Jan-2023
Negative View
     
         
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Fed Chair Powell says smaller interest rate hikes could start in December. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell confirmed Wednesday that smaller interest rate increases are likely ahead and could start in December. But he cautioned that monetary policy is likely to stay restrictive for some time until real signs of progress emerge on inflation. “We will stay the course until the job is done,” he said during a speech in Washington, D.C. at the Brookings Institution. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell confirmed Wednesday that smaller interest rate increases are likely ahead even as he sees progress in the fight against inflation as largely inadequate. Echoing recent statements from other central bank officials and comments at the November Fed meeting,
No 8
Negative
Nov-2022
Negative View
     
The Fed’s Beige Book on Wednesday showed that U.S. economic activity expanded modestly in recent weeks, although it was flat in some regions and declined in a couple of others, in a report that showed firms growing more pessimistic about the outlook. The dollar index gained 0.88% against a basket of major currencies to 112.92. The euro fell 0.95% to $0.9771.
No 7
Negative
Oct-2022
Negative View
     
The Fed’s Beige Book on Wednesday showed economic activity little changed and growth outlooks still weak. Its results are used by the Federal Open Market Committee as part of its policy decision making. Markets remain on the lookout for signs of the Fed’s next steps and whether it will deploy another interest hike to counter rapidly rising inflation at a time of economic slowdown and mounting recession fears.
No 6
Negative
Sep-2022
Negative View
     
Fed report finds higher fears of inflation and potential recession. The Fed’s Beige Book pointed to elevated recession fears along with a belief that soaring inflation will last at least through the end of the year. On inflation, which is running at its fastest annual rate since November 1981, the report found “substantial price increases” across the country.
No 5
Negative
Jul-2022
Negative View
     

The slower growth comes as retail contacts noted some softening as consumers faced higher prices, and residential real estate contacts observed weakness as buyers faced high prices and rising interest rates. US Economy Slows in Some Areas, Fed’s Beige Book Survey Shows. Economic growth slowed in recent weeks in some parts of the US, the Federal Reserve said. “Four districts explicitly noted that the pace of growth had slowed since the prior period,” the central bank said in its Beige Book report Wednesday.

No 4
Negative
Jun 2022
Negative View
     
Beige Book: Economic activity expanded at a moderate pace. High U.S. inflation shows little sign of abating, Fed's Beige Book finds. The regular Fed survey, known as the Beige Book, found little evidence inflation is set to turn sharply lower. Businesses have been forced to pay higher wages due to a tight labor market, supply-chain bottlenecks persist and prices continued to rise. The U.S. grew steadily through early April, a Federal Reserve survey found, but high inflation showed little sign of relenting in “the coming months” and clouded the outlook for the economy. On Wednesday, the Fed’s “Beige Book” summary of economic conditions around the U.S. noted the difficulty companies are having finding workers.
No 3
Negative
Apr 2022
Negative View
     
U.S. Economy Grew Modestly Amid Omicron Surge, Fed Beige Book Says. The U.S. economy grew at a modest to moderate pace from mid-January through early February as the Omicron variant of Covid-19 disrupted businesses and held back consumer spending, the Federal Reserve said Wednesday. The Fed’s periodic compilation of business anecdotes from around the country, known as the Beige Book, provided the latest evidence that the pandemic dealt a setback to the economic recovery in recent months. Millions of workers called in sick in January 2022. Companies also cited severe winter weather as a disruption.Fed Chairman Jerome Powell on Wednesday called the labor market “extremely tight” and said he expects the first rate hike to come at the central bank’s policymaking meeting later this month.
No 2
Negative
Mar-2022
Negative View
     

This book is produced roughly two weeks before the monetary policy meetings of the Federal Open Market Committee. On each occasion, a different Fed district bank compiles anecdotal evidence on economic conditions from each of the 12 Federal Reserve districts. Fed Beige Book: Economy Grew at Modest Pace to Close 2021. Stocks pare gains after Fed’s Beige Book signals economic headwinds

No 1
Negative
Jan-2022
Negative View
     
         
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Beige Book (At 14:00 ET) - FOMC Reports 8-Times a Year
DATE/WEEK HIGHLIGHTS FOR BEIGE
Fed’s ‘Beige Book’ Finds Economy Growing at ‘Modest to Moderate’ Pace. The economy, while growing, is being held back by supply-chain disruptions. The Federal Reserve Board’s survey of regional economic conditions found the economy growing at a “modest to moderate pace” amid supply-chain constraints, according to its “beige book” released Wednesday. The report, an eight-times-a-year survey of the 12 regional banks within the Fed’s system, was slightly more bullish than the previous release in October, when some districts recorded a slowdown in growth, and echoes comments Fed Chairman Jerome Powell made this week in testimony to Congress.
No 8
Positive
Dec-2021
Positive View
     
Fed report shows wage pressures amid 'modest to moderate' economic growth.U.S. employers reported significant increases in prices and wages even as economic growth decelerated to a "modest to moderate" pace in September and early October, the Federal Reserve said on Wednesday in its latest compendium of reports about the economy. "Outlooks for near-term economic activity remained positive, overall, but some Districts noted increased uncertainty and more cautious optimism than in previous months," according to the summary of information from the Fed's 12 regional districts, prepared as part of a broad range of briefings ahead of policymakers' Nov. 2-3 meeting.
No 7
Negative
Oct-2021
Negative View
     
Businesses are feeling stronger inflation and paying higher wages, Fed’s ‘Beige Book’ says.U.S. businesses are experiencing escalating inflation that is being aggravated by a shortage of goods and likely will be passed onto consumers in many areas, the Federal Reserve reported Wednesday. In its periodic “Beige Book” look at the nation’s economic picture, the central bank also reported that growth overall had “downshifted slightly to a moderate pace” amid rising public health concerns during the July-through-August period that the report covers. “The deceleration in economic activity was largely attributable to a pullback in dining out, travel, and tourism in most Districts, reflecting safety concerns due to the rise of the Delta variant, and, in a few cases, international travel restrictions,” the report said.
No 6
Negative
Sep-2021
Negative View
     

Fed Chair Powell — in testimony to the House Committee on Financial Services — quelled investors’ fears about a rollback of the central bank’s easy policies anytime soon, even in the face of inflation. The producer prices from June showed higher than expected inflation on Thursday. “Fed chair Powell helped calm fears by again suggesting these bad inflation reports were merely transitory,” Powell says the Fed is still a ways off from altering policy, expects inflation to moderate Inflation climbs higher than expected in June as price index rises 5.4% Fed officials kept a patient tone in terms of tightening monetary policy, minutes show. Beige Book” release on economic conditions across the country. That report showed “moderate to robust growth” nationally, while the New York region reported an economy growing “at a strong pace” as business contacts were “increasingly optimistic about the near-term outlook.”

No 5
Positive
Jul-2021
Positive View
     
Fed's Beige Book Reports Pickup in Recovery, Price presuure. The pace of the U.S. recovery picked up somewhat in the past two months, sparking price pressures as businesses contended with worker scarcity and rising costs, the Federal Reserve said. The national economy expanded at a moderate pace from early April to late May, a somewhat faster rate than the prior reporting period. Several Districts cited the positive effects on the economy of increased vaccination rates and relaxed social distancing measures, while they also noted the adverse impacts of supply chain disruptions. The effects of expanded vaccination rates were perhaps most notable in consumer spending in which increases in leisure travel and restaurant spending augmented ongoing strength in other spending categories.
No 4
Positive
Jun 2021
Positive View
     

Fed’s ‘Beige Book’ Shows Economy Strengthened Last Month But Supply Shortages Worsened. Companies are struggling to fill demand as shortages of labor and goods persist. The Federal Reserve's survey of its 12 regional banks, commonly called The Beige Book, portrays an economy struggling with robust demand but shortages of key ingredients such as labor, materials and low inventories of consumer goods. The economy displayed "moderate to robust growth" from late May to early July, the Fed concluded, with sectors reporting above-average growth that included transportation, travel, tourism, manufacturing and general services.

No 3
Positive
Apr 2021
Positive View
     
Economic activity in the U.S. has expanded at a modest to moderate pace since mid-January, according to the Federal Reserve's Beige Book. The Beige Book, a compilation of anecdotal evidence on economic conditions in each of the twelve Fed districts, noted that many districts reported that the surge in Covid-19 cases temporarily disrupted business activity as firms faced heighted absenteeism. The spike in Covid-19 cases was also blamed for a temporary weakening in demand in the hospitality sector in some districts, while severe winter weather was also cited as disrupting activity. The Fed noted consumer spending was subsequently generally weaker than in the prior report, which was released in early January. While the Beige Book said manufacturing activity continued to grow at a modest pace, all districts noted that supply chain issues and low inventories continued to restrain growth, particularly in the construction sector.
No 2
Positive
Feb-2021
Negative View
     

Fed's Beige Book Shows Modest U.S. Recovery as Job Growth Slows. Fed's Beige Book: 2021 business optimism tempered by rise in COVID-19 cases. Most parts of the U.S. saw increases in economic activity as 2020 came to a close, though business optimism over 2021 growth has been tempered by recent spikes in COVID-19 cases, the Federal Reserve's latest Beige Book found. The Beige Book, an anecdotal summary of Fed officials' conversations with local contacts, said conditions varied across the central bank's 12 districts. Most of them saw growth, but two reported little change and two others reported declines. The Beige Book comes ahead of the next Federal Open Market Committee meeting on Jan. 26-27.

No 1
Negative
Jan-2021
Negative View
     
         
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BEIGE BOOK

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)

FOMC is the policy-making arm of the Federal Reserve.

The FOMC then determines whether short-term interest rates should be raised, lowered, or left unchanged to accomplish its objectives of healthy economic growth and low inflation.

Important: the FOMC can control inflation but they cannot control unemployment in the long run. That depends on many other factors.

The Federal Funds Target Rate is determined by a meeting of the members of the Federal Open Market Committee which normally occurs eight times a year about seven weeks apart.

Remember, the Federal Reserve uses Open market operations to influence the supply of money in the U.S. economy to make the Federal Funds Effective Rate follow the Federal Funds Target Rate.

By law, the FOMC must meet at least four times each year in Washington, D.C. Since 1981 the FOMC holds eight regularly scheduled meetings during the year and other meetings as needed.

  1. Beige Book: Come first.
  2. FOMC Meeting: Some can last 2 days
  3. FOMC Minutes: After 3 weeks of the meeting
  4. FOMC Forecast: After 3 weeks of the meeting

Beige Book

The U.S. central bank's "Summary of commentary on current economic conditions," otherwise known as the Beige Book, compiles results from a survey that Fed investigators take of businesses in the nine Federal Reserve districts.

Eight times a year, the Federal Reserve issues the Beige Book, a snapshot of business conditions in each of the Fed's 12 regional bank districts. The findings are all anecdotal; there are no numbers. The Beige Book is updated two weeks before each meeting of the Fed's policymaking meeting in Washington.

The idea is to detect trends in Consumer Spending, Manufacturing and Real Estate, among other areas. Consumer spending is particularly important because it accounts for about 70% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and also accounts for more than 2/3 of the economy, therefore it is indicative of the general health of the economy.

The Beige Book is compiled slightly more than a week before it's published. That makes it relatively current compared with many other economic indicators, which can lag a month or more behind the period they report on.

The Beige Book's formal title is the "Summary of Commentary on Current Economic Conditions by Federal Reserve District." The idea for it came in 1970 from Arthur Burns, then the Fed chairman.

         
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DATA INFORMATION BEIGE BOOK
SOURCE Federal Reserve Board of Governors
WEB www.federalreserve.gov
FREQUENCY Eight times a year
AVAILABILITY Late January, mid-March, late April, late June, mid-August, late September, early November, and mid-December
COVERAGE Not Applicable
REVISIONS Not Applicable
IMPORTANCE Interest Rates - Very Important
         
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